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    • 专利摘要:
    1368903 Maltotriose HAYASHIBARA BIOCHEMICAL LABORATORIES Inc 9 Oct 1972 [11 Oct 1971] 46503/72 Heading C2S [Also in Division C3] Maltotriose is obtained by the enzymic degradation (Aerobacter) of a pullulan which has been obtained by culturing a pullulan producing micro-organism on a nutrient medium in which the principal source of carbon is a starch hydrolysate of DE 20-70.
    公开号:SU735177A3
    申请号:SU721834802
    申请日:1972-10-09
    公开日:1980-05-15
    发明作者:Като Косо；Сиесака Макото
    申请人:Хаясибара Биокемикал Лабораториз Инкорпорейтед (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (54) METHOD FOR OBTAINING PULULANE The invention relates to the microbiological industry, and to receiving the pullulan polysaccharide by aerobic microbial fermentation. A known method for producing pullulan by expressing pullulan-synthesizing microorganisms in aerobic conditions in a nutrient medium containing carbon and nitrogen sources, small amounts of nutrients necessary for growth, followed by extraction of pullulan from the culture fluid. However, the product yield in the known method is rather low. In order to increase the product yield, it is proposed to use a starch hydrolyzate having a dextric equivalent (DE) 20-70, preferably 35-60, as a carbon source. In this case, the starch hydrolyzate consists mainly of oligosaccharides. It is advisable to maintain the concentration of hydrolyzate in a nutrient medium of 5 and 15 wt.%. It is recommended to use the following micpooprai DDMbi: PuMularia fermentans var.fermentans IFO 6401, Pullularia fermentans var. fusca IFO 6402, Pullularia pullulans AHU 9553, PuHularia piilfulans IPO 6353 or Dematiufn pullulans IFO 4464. For pullulan fermentation, you can use starch obtained from various sources: corn, wheat, potatoes, etc. If the raw material used is only partially composed of starch, for example, rice flour, rice. bran, oats on grits, it is treated with amylase at 50-70 ° C and the resulting aqueous solution is filtered to remove insoluble material. The hydrolyzed starch syrup, which is necessary for fermentation, can be obtained by acid or enzymatic hydrolysis. The hydrolysis must be carried out in such a way as to avoid the formation of a product having a DE lower than 20, which may contain unreacted dextrin. When acidic hydrolysis is carried out to a suspension of starch, water is added with yy oxalic or succinic acid to pfi 2 or lower, the mixture is held at 120 ° C until the required AE is obtained. The resulting solution is cooled to room temperature, neutralized with calcium carbonate and / or sodium, decolorized with activated charcoal and purified from foreign ions using an ion exchange resin. The bleached liquid can be used to prepare a nutrient medium. The starch hydrolyzate can also be obtained by treating only o; - amylase or combination of acid and enzymatic hydrolysis. Acid gadrolysis and combinations of acid and enzymatic gadrolysis provide starch syrup with DTE 50 or higher. DE of hydrolysis obtained only by treatment of a-amylase, does not affect 35.- -,:; ; -, -.,, -.,.:,.:, - - - V The nutrient medium must contain other substances necessary for the growth of microorganisms, such as organic organic minerals, nitrogen sources, such as potassium phosphate, sodium chloride, magic sulfate, iron sulfate, etc. The initial pH of the culture medium should be 5-7.5, the temperature of fermentation 27-30 ° C. The highest concentration of pullulan oViRsho is reached in 3-8 days, when there is no residual sugar in the medium. The degree of polymerization of pullulan has a tendency to decrease with an increase in fermentation time, so if a product of high molecular weight is required, fermentation is embossed until a higher yield is achieved. The culture is aerated with an ordinary sporeb. The conditions for aeration do not have any practical effect on the yield. After the end of the fermentation, the culture liquid is heated to inactivate the enzyme contained in it. Microbial cells are removed by centrifugation. To a cell-free fluid, add-on) T-methanol or another organic solvent that is well soluble in water and does not dissolve pullulan, in an amount sufficient to precipitate pullulan. The precipitated pullulan is removed from the liquid and purified by re-dissolving in water and precipitating the organic solvent. Purified pullulan is a whitish powder that dissolves very easily in water to form a viscous solution. The average degree of polymerization of pulonol produced by this method is approximately 1000-3000 .. Example 1. Dematiom pullulans IFO4464 are grown in medium containing 10% carbon source, 0.2% peptone, 0.2% K2HPO4 and NaCI, 0.04% MgS04-7H20 and 0.001% FeSO4-7H20. Glucose, sucrose, maltose (DE 60.5), acid starch hydrolyzate (DE 45), and enzymatic starch hydrolysate with DE 40 are added as a carbon source. The pH is ere: d17, 5. The cultivation is carried out in 500 ml flasks containing 100 ml of medium on a circular rocking chair for 7 days. Samples are taken through ZZ and 7 days and centrifuged. Three volumes of methanol are added to the cell culture-free culture liquid to precipitate a polysaccharide, which is purified twice by dissolving in a small amount of water and reprecipitation with methanol. The collected precipitates are washed with methanol, dried and weighed. The precipitates are identified as pullulan by hydrolysis by their pullulanase and paper hydrolysates chromatography. The results are presented in table. 1. Table I
    -i; iii a-. ™ .i "ji- -y: -: w.Y: ------ --- 4a 4,80,81,5 5,8 3,2 0,5
    4.2 4.2.20.71.4 5.11.1 0.3
    4.2 4.60.97 2.0 6.5 3.1 0.5
    21 32 43 30 45 54
    32 61
    ten
    4.2 4.4
    Enzymatic gvdrolizat starch (DE 40)
    4.2 4.2
    Example 2. Pullularia pullulans is days 9593 and is enzymatically grown to DE 46 and starch is grown under conditions described in figure 1, acidized to DE 43. In the table. Figure 2 shows media containing glucose, sucrose, maltoe 25/1 residual sugar and pulp starch, hydrolyzed in two levels: acidoilane in different media.
    Carbon source in the medium
    1 leukemia
    Sucrose
    Maltose, 2.1
    Starch hydrolyzed in two stages (DE 46) 0.8
    The starch hydrolyzed by acid to DE 43
    The resulting pullulan is slightly colored. Example 3. Pullularia pullulans GR06353 is grown under conditions and on the media, secret in Example 1, but the duration of the enzyme is 5 days. The yields of lllulan 1 are lower than in example 1, since the duration of the farm is shorter, but on the medium with the starch hydrolyzate of pullulan, 25-30% more synthesized than on the medium with sucrose or glucose. Example 4. PuMularia pullulans var. fusca IFO 6402 is grown in the medium described
    5D
    13 0.1
    38
    75
    67
    1.8 5.1 2.0 0.335 65
    72
    Table 2
    T
    I residual sugar
    Exit pullulash. I g / 100 ml
    1.7
    35
    51
    1.1
    62
    63
    65
    0.5 in example I, containing 15% acid hydrolyzed starch with DE 35. as the sole carbon source. After fermentation for 8 days on a cracker at 27 ° C, when there is no residual sugars in the environment, the enzyme is inactivated by heating. The cells are removed, and pullulan is precipitated from the zero-liquid liquid by the addition of sin volumes of methanol. The precipitate is separated and purified by re-dissolving in water and the precipitated methanol. A 10% aqueous solution of purified pullulan is treated with pullulanase isolated from Aerobacter culture fluid, then decolorized with activated charcoal, purified from ions by ion exchange resin and partially evaporated to a colorless sigrop. According to the results of chromatographic analysis and determination of the reducing ability, the product contains pure maltotriose. The yield of maltotriose 95%. A 30% aqueous solution of maltotriose is placed in an autoclave with 0.30% calcium carbonate and 10% Rene nickel deposited on the solid particles present in the solution. Maltotriose is subjected to hydrogenation at 100 ° C and a hydrogen pressure of 100 kg / cm. The hydrated mixture is filtered to remove the catalyst, the filtrate is decolorized and purified from impurity ions as described above. The colorless liquid does not have a reducing ability and, upon hydrolysis, gives glucose and sorbitol in a molar ratio of 2: 1. . Thus, the product pvdrirovani maltotrsh ol. Sourced from maltotriosis with output 96%. Figure 5 shows the characteristics of the strains. Pullularia fermentans var.fermentans IFO 6401. Blastospores 3-4 per 7-10 µm, chlamydospores 13-15 µm, artrosnors 5-7 per 10-15 µm, clavosporic formations 9-17 µm. Black colonies with white superficial mice on corn agar and Saburod agar. The pigment forms only in aerobic conditions periodically on Littman medium and does not form on nutrient agar. Aerial mycelium forms periodically At 37 ° C does not grow. It sprays glucose, mannose, fructose, small tozo, sucrose and raffinose. Pullularia ftrmentans var. fusca IFO 6402. Blastospores 3-4 at .11-13 microns, chlamydosphere 13-16 microns, arthrospores 3-6 at 8-12 microns, clavosporic formations 4-6 at 14 microns. Black mucoid colonies with black surface mycelium on corn agar, and re Saburod and Littman. The pigment is intermittent in anazobic conditions, and nutrient agar is absent. Air mycelium does not form. At 37t grows. Fermenting glykszu, mznnoza, fructose maltose, sucrose, raffinose and xylose. Plyclic rings were found in solution. Pultularia pullulans ANI 9593. Blastospores 3-4 at 7-11 µm, chlamydospores 14 µm, arthrospores 3-4 at 7-10 µm, k; adosporne formations 3-5 by 12-14 µm. Small black colonies with greenish surface and aerial mycelium on corn agar, Saburod and Littman agar. The pigment forms only under anaerobic conditions. Grows at. 37C. Pellicles in solution were found with a weak sediment. Carbohydrates do not ferment. Pullularia pullulans IFO 6353. Blastospores 3-4 at 7-11 µm, chlamydospores 14 µm, arthrospores 3-4 at 7-10 µm, cladosporic 3-5 to 12 12-14 µm. Small black colonies with a greenish surface and airborne maize on corn agar, Saburod and Littman agar. The pigment forms only in anasobic conditions. Grows at 37 ° C. Pellicles in solution were found with a weak sediment. Carbohydrates do not ferment. Dematium pullulans IFO 04464. Blastosnory 3-4 at 8-12 microns, chlamydospores 8-10 at 14-18 microns, art-spores 2-3 at 3-5 microns. Small black colonies with a greenish-black surface and airy mycelium on corn agar, Saburod and Littman agar. The pigment forms only in anasobic conditions. Grows at 37 ° C. Carbohydrates do not ferment.
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
     Claim 1. A method for producing pullulan by growing pullulan-synthesizing microorganisms in asexual conditions in a nutrient medium containing sources of carbon, nitrogen and mineral salts, followed by removing pullulan from the culture fluid, characterized in that, in order to increase the yield of 1 hour, as a The carbon source uses a starch hydrolyzate having a dextrose equivalent of 20-70, preferably 35-60.
    [2]
    2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that a starch hydrolyzate is used, mainly consisting of oligosaccharides.
    [3]
    3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the concentration of starch hydrolyzate in the surrounding medium is maintained in the range of 5-15% by weight. .
    [4]
    4. Method W1.1 -3, that is, in that PuHularia fermentans var. Is used as a pullulan-synthesizing microorganism. fermentans IFO 6401.
    9735177JO
    [5]
    5. Method according to paragraphs. 1-3, about tl and h a yu y and y-7. The method according to paragraphs. 1-3, which is indicated by the fact that Pulluria fermentans var. Strain is used as a pullulan-synthesizing, so that Pulluria fermentans var. Is used as a pullulan-synthesizing microorganism. fusca IFO 6402.lane pulfulans IFO 6353.
    [6]
    6. Method no ppbz, distinguishing- 8. The method according to paragraphs. 1-3, that is, so that Pull strain of the microorganism, Demalaria pullulans strain ANI 9593, is used as pullulan synthesizing, so that Pullan strain of microorganism is used as pullulan synthesizing microorganism. tiim pullulans ifo 4464.
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
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    JP46079413A|JPS5136360B2|1971-10-11|1971-10-11|
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